What is meant by the term 'scaffolding' in an educational context?

The term 'scaffolding' in an educational context refers to the idea of providing temporary support to aid student understanding. This approach is based on the Zone of Proximal Development, a concept developed by psychologist Lev Vygotsky, which emphasizes the zone where a learner can perform a task with guidance but not yet independently. Scaffolding helps students build on their existing knowledge by gradually introducing new concepts at a level they can manage with the support provided.

Throughout the learning process, educators can tailor the support offered based on the student's current skill level and progress, which facilitates deeper understanding and competence over time. As students become more capable, the support can be removed, allowing them to take greater ownership of their learning and achieve independence. This method fosters a safe learning environment where students feel encouraged to stretch their abilities while still having the necessary guidance when they encounter challenges.